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The Alternative Fuels Data Center
is your one-stop resource to find fuel and vehicle information.



Ethanol (E10 & E85)

An alcohol based liquid fuel, Ethanol is used as an oxygenate in 10 - 15% form and as a primary fuel in its 85% mixture. It is renewable and made from corn, sugar cane or carbohydrate feedstock. All vehicles are capable of running on an ethanol blend below 15%. Vehicles capable of operating on E85 can be purchased from the auto manufacturers today. These vehicles are "flexible-fuel" vehicles - meaning they can operate on E85 or gasoline or any mixture of them both.

  • Refueling process is exactly like gasoline refueling.
  • The price of E10 should be below that of unblended gasoline - up to 8 cents per gallon if oil refiners chose to blend their own ethanol.
  • Before the high spike in gasoline prices, the price of E85 was comparable to mid-grade gasoline. Now E85 can be purchased for about 10 cents below regular.
  • Public refueling of E85 is limited, but available in Kentucky. E10 is more widely available (see REFUELING below).
  • Variety of light-duty and SUV E85 vehicles on the market. Same costs as gasoline-powered equivalents.

Ethanol News:

6.16.09
NEVC to become Growth Energy Market Development
Focus on Proliferating Blender Pumps and FFVs

At the 2009 Fuel Ethanol Workshop, the National Ethanol Vehicle Coalition (NEVC) announced that it intends to unite with Growth Energy and become Growth Energy Market Development. In that role, they will continue in their 13-year mission to increase the availability of higher ethanol blends and flex fuel vehicles (FFVs). The additional resources will bolster Growth Energy’s aggressive goals to proliferate blender pumps across the country.

“For more than a decade, the National Ethanol Vehicle Coalition has been carrying on the important mission of increasing the availability and use of ethanol,” said Retired Gen. Wesley Clark, Co-Chairman of Growth Energy.  “We are excited that they decided to join forces with us and continue that work as a part of Growth Energy.”

Read more

4.16.09
Comments Requested for E15 Increase

EPA is seeking public comment on a waiver application to increase the amount of ethanol that can be blended into a gallon of gasoline to up to 15 volume percent (E15). Since 1978, the limit has been at ten volume percent ethanol (E10) for conventional (non flex-fuel) vehicles. The comment period will be open for 30 days after the notice is published in the Federal Register. Growth Energy and 54 ethanol manufacturers submitted the E15 application to EPA on March 6, 2009. Current statute calls for EPA to make a decision within 270 days of receipt, which is December 1, 2009. The Federal Register notice for this action will be published on April 22, 2009. A link will be provided at that time.

2.4.09
Status Update: Clarification of Ethanol Certification Limits for Legacy Equipment  

(December 2008) Recent articles in the media and technical references regarding permissible ethanol blends and blend limits associated with Underwriters Laboratories (UL) certifications have generated a lot of questions and led to confusion. Discussions about blended fuels are certainly complicated, especially as the topic continues to evolve. With political and industry focus on possibly increasing ethanol content for commonly used gasohol blends, UL would like to clarify limitations associated with current UL listings to the standard UL 87. 

UL listed gasoline dispensers—those legacy dispensers currently in service and used most often in gas stations around the country today—are certified under UL 87 and authorized for dispensing blends up to 10% ethanol, or E10. Because UL often uses safety margins during testing, some subassemblies have been tested with fuels containing 15% ethanol (leading to some technical references to this level; but that does not mean that those dispensers are certified to dispense fuels containing greater than 10% ethanol). 

UL is currently working with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on its ongoing research to investigate the impact of using higher ethanol blends in current legacy vehicles and engine systems (that were not originally designed for use with ethanol blend levels above E10). If new federal guidelines are established that approve higher ethanol blend levels for public use, UL will review products currently certified under UL 87 to determine whether UL can provide data enabling the authorities having jurisdiction to approve such use. 

UL did announce the establishment of new safety requirements for higher ethanol fuel-blend dispensing equipment on October 16, 2007. These requirements (Subject UL 87A) are available to manufacturers looking to get their equipment tested and certified for ethanol fuel blends greater than 10% and up to 85%. This means that dispensing equipment evaluated to the requirements in Subject 87A would be considered to be acceptable for dispensing blends with any ethanol content up to 85%. UL will continue to test and certify new equipment to these higher-level blends as we work with the DOE and EPA regarding legacy systems. 

For more information, visit the UL Web site.

1.22.09
Max Arnold & Sons Celebrate E85 Refueling Grand Opening in Murray

Thursday, January 22, 2009 - Gerald White, VP of retail sales for Max Arnold and Sons LLC, cut the ribbon officially opening the fourth E85 site owned and operated by the company.  The BP on Main Street in Murray offered E85 for 85 cents all day.  The standard price is anticipated to be approximately 20 cents below gasoline.

Bob Arnold chats with guests at the E85 Grand Opening in Murray.

11.17.08
Max Fuel Opens Additional E85 Refueling Location

Kentucky Flex-Fuel Vehicle drivers have more opportunities to find E85 refueling now that Max Arnold & Sons has added another site in Murray. The new Max Fuel site is located at 1302 Main Street (Max Fuel #43).

Click here for a list of all E85 refueling sites.

10.20.08
GM Looking for E85 Users

The Biofuels Engineering Team at General Motors is looking for GM FFV owners that have used E85 'extensively' in their flex fuel vehicle.  The vehicle must have used E85 75-100% of the time during the life of the vehicle.  If you know of any vehicles that qualify under these conditions, and the owner is willing to work with GM's engineering team, please call Randy Jennings (Tennessee Dept. of Agriculture) at 615-837-5327. 

9.26.08
E85 Now Available in Simpsonville

On Friday, September 26th, the Chevron station at Exit #28 in Simpsonville along Interstate 64 will begin selling E85! Joe Weaver, owner, noted that he is .01 miles from the interstate and welcomes all retail customers, including the state fleet vehicles (he does take the Fleet One card)!

Chevron
1101 Buck Creek Road
Simpsonville, KY
502.751.4757

8.28.08
E85 Technical Support Program available

GM and the National Governors' Association has developed and E85 Technical Support Program to facilitate the installation of E85 pumps in up to 8 states.  An application has been sent to all state Governor's. If you haven't heard about the program it may be worth a phone call to the Governor's office to see if your Clean Cities Coordinator can assist. 

8.21.08
Thornton's offers E85 Fuel in Louisville as part of multi-state Corridor Project

Thorntons is excited to announce the addition of E-85 fuel at the store located at 2700 Fern Valley Road, Louisville, KY.  This will be the first Thorntons station in the Louisville area to carry the environmentally friendly fuel.  Thorntons currently has 6 locations throughout the company with E-85 fuel - 3 in Illinois, 2 in Indiana and 1 in Kentucky.

 The Fern Valley Road location joins over 25 E85 other retail sites along Interstate 65.  The “E85 for I 65 – from Lake Michigan to the Gulf of Mexico” project includes Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama.  The corridor project was awarded $1.3 million dollars from the U.S. Department of Energy. 

 E-85 is an alcohol-based fuel, comprised of just 15 percent petroleum. Ethanol can be made from virtually any agriculture feedstock from which starch is derived, such as sugar cane, wheat or milo. Today, the vast majority of domestic ethanol is produced from corn, an abundant and renewable grain.

E-85 as an alternative fuel has experienced tremendous growth in the last ten years.  The growth is due primarily to the fuel's many benefits as a renewable fuel that helps create a cleaner environment, boosts the U.S. economy and reduces oil imports.

“We are very excited about the expansion of E-85 fuel in our stores,” said Matt Thornton, Chief Executive Officer of Thorntons. “We support the use of ethanol, wherever it is economically available”.

5.1.08
Kentucky's Fifth E85 Pump opens in Mayfield

Max Arnold & Sons has installed E85 in Mayfield, Kentucky. Their MaxFuel retail site - Store #44, is located at 100 College Street, Mayfield, KY  42006. E85 is available starting today, Thursday, May 1, 2008.

4.19.08
Alltech Affiliate Ecofin Receives Grant of Up to $30 million for Rural Community Biorefinery

Today, Ecofin received a grant of up to $30 million from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to be used towards the establishment of its rural community biorefinery. The plant will be located in Springfield, Kentucky and is estimated to employ 93 people when operating at full capacity.

As part of the DOE proposal, Ecofin’s rural community biorefinery will be one of the first in the United States to utilize cellulose, such as switch grass, corn cobs and corn stover, at raw material levels of up to 30 percent. This will be converted to ethanol and other value-added products.
Read more

2.20.08
E85 Available in Madisonville & Paducah

Quick Stop #29, 730 Princeton Pike, Madisonville, KY  42431 is now carrying E85, as well as Pugh's Midway/BP, 6801 Cairo Rd in Paducah.  See the list of all public E85 fueling locations in Kentucky...

2.20.08
GM Partner Coskata to Open Ethanol Plant

GM North America President Troy Clarke spoke at the Midwest Automotive Media Association Breakfast recently during the kickoff to the Chicago Auto Show. He took the opportunity to announce that the company's ethanol partner, Coskata Inc., will open a pilot ethanol production plant later this year and a full-production plant in late 2010. The Coskata plant will be the world's first plant to mass-produce ethanol from biomass. Read more...

Ethanol - 10.16.07
Underwriters Laboratories Announces Development of Certification Requirements for E85 Dispensers

Underwriters Laboratories (UL), North America’s leading safety testing and certification organization, announced the establishment of safety requirements for E85 fuel dispensing equipment, and is now accepting submittals for certification investigations. Read more...

Additional Ethanol:

Who's Using E85?
Commonwealth of Kentucky
Fort Knox Military Reservation
Louisville Metro Government
Mammoth Cave National Park
Murray State University
US Postal Service
University of Kentucky

Who's Producing Ethanol in Kentucky?
Commonwealth Agri-Energy

Available E85 Vehicles
See the AFDC

Where Can I Purchase Ethanol?
E10 Fueling Stations
E85 Fueling Stations
Printable Map

Kentucky Laws & Incentives
See the AFDC




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PO Box 5174  Louisville KY 40255-5174